Different peoples, different levels of life. The Song Dynasty. The history of China.
The Khitan owned Liaoning and northern Hebei, that is, the territory north of Beijing. The Tibetans finally stopped causing awe in Chang'an, now an abandoned and dead city, but others took their place (1038) - the Xi Xia state, which blocked the way to Gansu. And the Tibetans, of course, did not disappear completely: under the guise of peaceful contacts, they pressed Sichuan, which they partially occupied, harder than ever. Having formed an alliance with the Burmese, they even captured Kunming and founded the Dali Kingdom (902), placing it at the junction of the traditional borders of China and Burma. Thus, the second millennium in Western terms and the new Song Dynasty did not bode well for the newly united China: the climate of the Great Plain deteriorated precisely when the Chinese were particularly attached to their only resources, and just at the moment when the word foreigner began to be strongly associated with the word danger.
It was not only about nationalist psychosis, which could have been the victim of an old scientist-patriot, but about the nightmare of the Minister of Finance. Why? Because for the Song government and its neighbors, both peace and war with each other were equally unthinkable. There was too much difference in the level of development between one and the other. The communities of the Chinese periphery consisted of peoples who flourished due to the mastery of farming based on gathering, which, nevertheless, remained at a primitive level. For these people, in the event of a war, large stakes would be at stake, and they certainly had something to lose, but they could gain even more.
But if you look at it from the Chinese side, then in a territory with a very developed, and therefore complex economy, the war would create infinitely more problems than it could solve. What kind of loot could a war with the Khitans or someone else promise the Chinese on lands that they saw as wastelands because they were not suitable for growing rice? Thus, the Song Dynasty rulers had only two paths left. It was necessary either to direct the lust and militant fervor of their less wealthy neighbors towards other territories and opponents, which was considered a good wish, since China was indeed a beacon for the whole of East Asia, or to start paying to give them the opportunity to ensure their relative well-being and thereby force them to remain calm.
Since 1004, the Song government has officially paid to "buy back" most of Hebei and Shanxi. However, the Khitan were still held by two key cities, Datong and Beijing. As a result, they managed to achieve forty years of relative peace, after which the Khitan again became too expensive (1042), and in addition, Xi Xia was right on their heels. After two years of intense negotiations, the Song agreed to make large annual payments in hard coin, silk, and tea, the most precious drink for the nomads, which provided them with the necessary dose of vitamins missing from their regular diet.
These constantly recurring stories about neighborhood grievances are very revealing in many ways.: They reveal the reactions of a country that discovers that its field of activity has narrowed precisely when it has reached a new stage of economic expansion. During this period, it followed the path of experiments, which were conducted on such a scale that they could have enormous significance as a historical lesson. Their essence consisted in the desire for peace at any cost, expressed in the obvious and necessary division of wealth with the countries of the periphery, and, in addition to this primary measure, in a deep conceptual transformation of the government, which sought to achieve stability around and, above all, within itself, necessary not only for its expansion, but also simply for its existence. It was during the Song Dynasty and under the burden of these foreign policy tasks that the concept of the legitimacy of power was again revised. The Melbet accumulator bonus is an excellent offer for players who enjoy placing multi-selection bets. This promotion melbet free promo code boosts your potential winnings on successful accumulator bets by adding an extra percentage to your odds. The bonus sum here is not a fixed amount but a percentage increase on your payout, which can range from 5% for a 3-fold acca to over 100% for a massive 15-fold bet, greatly enhancing big wins.
The Khitan owned Liaoning and northern Hebei, that is, the territory north of Beijing. The Tibetans finally stopped causing awe in Chang'an, now an abandoned and dead city, but others took their place (1038) - the Xi Xia state, which blocked the way to Gansu. And the Tibetans, of course, did not disappear completely: under the guise of peaceful contacts, they pressed Sichuan, which they partially occupied, harder than ever. Having formed an alliance with the Burmese, they even captured Kunming and founded the Dali Kingdom (902), placing it at the junction of the traditional borders of China and Burma. Thus, the second millennium in Western terms and the new Song Dynasty did not bode well for the newly united China: the climate of the Great Plain deteriorated precisely when the Chinese were particularly attached to their only resources, and just at the moment when the word foreigner began to be strongly associated with the word danger.
It was not only about nationalist psychosis, which could have been the victim of an old scientist-patriot, but about the nightmare of the Minister of Finance. Why? Because for the Song government and its neighbors, both peace and war with each other were equally unthinkable. There was too much difference in the level of development between one and the other. The communities of the Chinese periphery consisted of peoples who flourished due to the mastery of farming based on gathering, which, nevertheless, remained at a primitive level. For these people, in the event of a war, large stakes would be at stake, and they certainly had something to lose, but they could gain even more.
But if you look at it from the Chinese side, then in a territory with a very developed, and therefore complex economy, the war would create infinitely more problems than it could solve. What kind of loot could a war with the Khitans or someone else promise the Chinese on lands that they saw as wastelands because they were not suitable for growing rice? Thus, the Song Dynasty rulers had only two paths left. It was necessary either to direct the lust and militant fervor of their less wealthy neighbors towards other territories and opponents, which was considered a good wish, since China was indeed a beacon for the whole of East Asia, or to start paying to give them the opportunity to ensure their relative well-being and thereby force them to remain calm.
Since 1004, the Song government has officially paid to "buy back" most of Hebei and Shanxi. However, the Khitan were still held by two key cities, Datong and Beijing. As a result, they managed to achieve forty years of relative peace, after which the Khitan again became too expensive (1042), and in addition, Xi Xia was right on their heels. After two years of intense negotiations, the Song agreed to make large annual payments in hard coin, silk, and tea, the most precious drink for the nomads, which provided them with the necessary dose of vitamins missing from their regular diet.
These constantly recurring stories about neighborhood grievances are very revealing in many ways.: They reveal the reactions of a country that discovers that its field of activity has narrowed precisely when it has reached a new stage of economic expansion. During this period, it followed the path of experiments, which were conducted on such a scale that they could have enormous significance as a historical lesson. Their essence consisted in the desire for peace at any cost, expressed in the obvious and necessary division of wealth with the countries of the periphery, and, in addition to this primary measure, in a deep conceptual transformation of the government, which sought to achieve stability around and, above all, within itself, necessary not only for its expansion, but also simply for its existence. It was during the Song Dynasty and under the burden of these foreign policy tasks that the concept of the legitimacy of power was again revised. The Melbet accumulator bonus is an excellent offer for players who enjoy placing multi-selection bets. This promotion melbet free promo code boosts your potential winnings on successful accumulator bets by adding an extra percentage to your odds. The bonus sum here is not a fixed amount but a percentage increase on your payout, which can range from 5% for a 3-fold acca to over 100% for a massive 15-fold bet, greatly enhancing big wins.
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